PriorityDefense,
The new term is 'less lethal'. Short of fungo bats, most self defense devices do carry the potential of death or very serious injury.
Pepper Spray, wether it's foam, spray, mist, or stream, can kill those who are alergic to Oleoresin Capsicum (cayenne peppers, at least it's based on it.) Also if enough is inhaled that it displaces the oxygen, that to can kill by asphyxiation.
Stun guns run the risk of electrocution. Some people with heart problems have died as a result of being shot with them. 50,000 volts sounds bad, but it's the amperage that usually kills. Stun guns usually give only amperage in the miliamps. But again, some have died!
The newist way is supposed to be the use if high luminum lights. Some of the newist LCD and halogen models, like SureFire makes, have a very high luminum output and can temporarly blind and disorientate. Wither you run or just kick the attacker in the groin is up to you. While it's not leathal in itself, there is not documented history of these lights actually stopping attackers either!
Other such weapons as kubotas can kill if you know where to hit had have the muscle to strike them hard.
I'm sure there are other 'non-lethal' weapons, but do note, they still call the 'weapons'.
Deaf