That's a yes/no/sometimes/maybe/maybe-not question...
An art reflects the history of the region it developed in, the topography and environments encountered by the people, and their cultural beliefs. Of course, it's going to reflect the common body types, to some extent, but even more so, the body types of the people who developed it. Even so -- that certainly doesn't mean a given art can't be learned by someone with a different body type. Probably clear as mud, huh? A martial art that's built around functional fighting reflects how the people in that area answer the simple question of "how do I survive a fight?" Built into that question is "what are my physical resources" -- so a place dominated by tall, lean, long-limbed folks is going to answer that question a bit differently than a place dominated by short, thick, muscular folks But don't overthink that... really. Because they're also looking at the surfaces they're likely to fight on -- sand, rock, jungle, swamp... each will develop different sorts of stepping and stance patterns. An art developed around wearing armor will move differently than an art built around wearing a loincloth. Then there are cultural beliefs... if the people don't believe (whether religion or philosophy or sociology) that it's right to take a life, you'll see systems developed to avoid fatal targets. And so on...
So... making my roundabout way back to the question... Some people, due to their body type, will find that some arts suit them better. Someone with shorter legs may find judo easier (because of their relatively lower center of gravity) than someone with long legs. Someone who's got a bulkier, heavier body may have hard time doing the acrobatics of capoeira, and that lithe, limber person who excels at capoeira may have harder time generating equal power in a striking style that really focuses on generating power through muscle and mass. But, in the end, it's still going to end up being about how much the person likes the style, and wants to learn it. If the art is built around a willingness to absorb some damage to get close enough to return the favor -- yeah, a skinny, thin-boned sort probably won't want to use those tactics the same way a thick-boned, heavy person can. Look at other sports -- basketball is for tall guys, right? Ask
Spud Webb...