Thawt about putting this in the Study... but a little voice said... nah... but it's an interesting list of various bias-es that affect our judgement and decision making. The entire list can be found here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases
clicking on the various links gives an indepth description/explaination of the particular bias.
Below is a partial list ....
Thoughts comments... which one(s) are you guilty of?
Decision making and behavioral biases
Many of these biases are studied for how they affect belief formation and business decisions and scientific research
* Bandwagon effect - the tendency to do (or believe) things because many other people do (or believe) the same.
* Bias blind spot - the tendency not to compensate for one's own cognitive biases.
* Choice-supportive bias - the tendency to remember one's choices as better than they actually were.
* Confirmation bias - the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions.
* Congruence bias - the tendency to test hypotheses exclusively through direct testing
* Contrast effect - the enhancement or diminishment of a weight or other measurement when compared with recently observed contrasting object.
* Disconfirmation bias - the tendency for people to extend critical scrutiny to information which contradicts their prior beliefs and accept uncritically information that is congruent with their prior beliefs.
* Endowment effect - the tendency for people to value something more as soon as they own it.
* Focusing effect - prediction bias occurring when people place too much importance on one aspect of an event; causes error in accurately predicting the utility of a future outcome.
* Hyperbolic discounting - the tendency for people to have a stronger preference for more immediate payoffs relative to later payoffs, the closer to the present both payoffs are.
* Illusion of control - the tendency for human beings to believe they can control or at least influence outcomes which they clearly cannot.
Biases in probability and belief
Many of these biases are often studied for how they affect business and economic decisions and how they affect experimental research.
* Ambiguity effect - the avoidance of options for which missing information makes the probability seem "unknown"
* Anchoring - the tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions
* Anthropic bias - the tendency for one's evidence to be biased by observation selection effects
* Attentional bias - neglect of relevant data when making judgments of a correlation or association
* Availability error - the distortion of one's perceptions of reality, due to the tendency to remember one alternative outcome of a situation much more easily than another
* Belief bias - the tendency to base assessments on personal beliefs (see also belief perseverance and Experimenter's regress)
* Belief Overkill - the tendency to bring beliefs and values together so that they all point to the same conclusion
* Clustering illusion - the tendency to see patterns where actually none exist
* Conjunction fallacy - the tendency to assume that specific conditions are more probable than general ones
* Gambler's fallacy - the tendency to assume that individual random events are influenced by previous random events "the coin has a memory"
* Hindsight bias - sometimes called the "I-knew-it-all-along" effect, the inclination to see past events as being predictable
Social Biases
Most of these biases are labeled as attributional biases.
* Barnum effect (or Forer Effect) - the tendency to give high accuracy ratings to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically for them, but are in fact vague and general enough to apply to a wide range of people.
* Egocentric bias - occurs when people claim more responsibility for themselves for the results of a joint action than an outside observer would.
* False consensus effect - the tendency for people to overestimate the degree to which others agree with them.
* Fundamental attribution error - the tendency for people to over-emphasize personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while under-emphasizing the role and power of situational influences on the same behavior. (see also group attribution error, positivity effect, and negativity effect)
* Halo effect - the tendency for a person's positive or negative traits to "spill over" from one area of their personality to another in others' perceptions of them. (see also physical attractiveness stereotype)
* Illusion of asymmetic insight - people perceive their knowledge of their peers to surpass their peers' knowledge of them.
* Ingroup bias - preferential treatment people give to whom they perceive to be members of their own groups.
clicking on the various links gives an indepth description/explaination of the particular bias.
Below is a partial list ....
Thoughts comments... which one(s) are you guilty of? Decision making and behavioral biases
Many of these biases are studied for how they affect belief formation and business decisions and scientific research
* Bandwagon effect - the tendency to do (or believe) things because many other people do (or believe) the same.
* Bias blind spot - the tendency not to compensate for one's own cognitive biases.
* Choice-supportive bias - the tendency to remember one's choices as better than they actually were.
* Confirmation bias - the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions.
* Congruence bias - the tendency to test hypotheses exclusively through direct testing
* Contrast effect - the enhancement or diminishment of a weight or other measurement when compared with recently observed contrasting object.
* Disconfirmation bias - the tendency for people to extend critical scrutiny to information which contradicts their prior beliefs and accept uncritically information that is congruent with their prior beliefs.
* Endowment effect - the tendency for people to value something more as soon as they own it.
* Focusing effect - prediction bias occurring when people place too much importance on one aspect of an event; causes error in accurately predicting the utility of a future outcome.
* Hyperbolic discounting - the tendency for people to have a stronger preference for more immediate payoffs relative to later payoffs, the closer to the present both payoffs are.
* Illusion of control - the tendency for human beings to believe they can control or at least influence outcomes which they clearly cannot.
Biases in probability and belief
Many of these biases are often studied for how they affect business and economic decisions and how they affect experimental research.
* Ambiguity effect - the avoidance of options for which missing information makes the probability seem "unknown"
* Anchoring - the tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions
* Anthropic bias - the tendency for one's evidence to be biased by observation selection effects
* Attentional bias - neglect of relevant data when making judgments of a correlation or association
* Availability error - the distortion of one's perceptions of reality, due to the tendency to remember one alternative outcome of a situation much more easily than another
* Belief bias - the tendency to base assessments on personal beliefs (see also belief perseverance and Experimenter's regress)
* Belief Overkill - the tendency to bring beliefs and values together so that they all point to the same conclusion
* Clustering illusion - the tendency to see patterns where actually none exist
* Conjunction fallacy - the tendency to assume that specific conditions are more probable than general ones
* Gambler's fallacy - the tendency to assume that individual random events are influenced by previous random events "the coin has a memory"
* Hindsight bias - sometimes called the "I-knew-it-all-along" effect, the inclination to see past events as being predictable
Social Biases
Most of these biases are labeled as attributional biases.
* Barnum effect (or Forer Effect) - the tendency to give high accuracy ratings to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically for them, but are in fact vague and general enough to apply to a wide range of people.
* Egocentric bias - occurs when people claim more responsibility for themselves for the results of a joint action than an outside observer would.
* False consensus effect - the tendency for people to overestimate the degree to which others agree with them.
* Fundamental attribution error - the tendency for people to over-emphasize personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while under-emphasizing the role and power of situational influences on the same behavior. (see also group attribution error, positivity effect, and negativity effect)
* Halo effect - the tendency for a person's positive or negative traits to "spill over" from one area of their personality to another in others' perceptions of them. (see also physical attractiveness stereotype)
* Illusion of asymmetic insight - people perceive their knowledge of their peers to surpass their peers' knowledge of them.
* Ingroup bias - preferential treatment people give to whom they perceive to be members of their own groups.
