This one might not be short…
On Aikido: its origins and its effectiveness
I hope this might provide something of an insight to those who criticise Aikido for not being prevalent on the MMA scene

Feedback, comments etc. always appreciated!
Hi Jack.
Like Mike (Spinedoc), I found a number of issues with your article… I appreciate where you're coming from, but there are a range of statements and commentaries that are not so easy to support. In the interests of helping further your study, I'm going to apply kind of a fine-tooth comb approach here…
Samurai-do Blog said:
Daito-ryu was a samurai art, used by disarmed samurai against armed and unarmed opponents in a variety of situations.
Well… that's really going to depend on who you believe… after all, there's no real evidence of Daito Ryu existing during the existence of the samurai themselves… and much of the methodology doesn't exactly match the claimed history…
Realistically, the evidence all points to Daito Ryu as being the creation of Sokaku Takeda himself… based on a range of influences that he encountered and was trained in.
Samurai-do Blog said:
The techniques are linear and incorporate many blows and attacking movements. Many throws and pins in Daito-ryu, end with the practitioner ending the life of his assailant, usually by the use of a knife or short sword, an item always carried by the Samurai of Feudal Japan.
While I'll give you that many Daito Ryu techniques are what I would class as more "direct" than much of Aikido's methodologies, I don't know that I'd classify them as "linear" exactly… all in all, they're about as linear as Aikido's Tenchi Nage. As far as "many throws and pins in Daito Ryu end with the practitioner ending the life of his assailant", well, let me just say that that doesn't really reflect the Daito Ryu I've seen… pins (osae komi waza) may leave the option for such a finish (to-dome), but they aren't as ever present as suggested here.
Samurai-do Blog said:
Ueshiba, whilst a superb martial artist, was also a deeply spiritual and religious man. He was a follower of Omoto-kyo, a newly revived form of traditional Japanese Shinto worship.
Yeah… of course, that connection to the Omoto Kyo only came into it after WWII… which is after you attribute the creation of Aikido… and, of course, post-dates forms of Aikido such as the Yoshinkan (Gozo Shioda), who left to form his branch prior to WWII himself… so, while it can certainly be seen as a large influence on Ueshiba's development, particularly later in his career, it doesn't necessarily factor in all forms of Aikido. Shudokan (Tomiki Aikido) would be another notable example of it's absence.
Samurai-do Blog said:
Aikido plays down greatly the traditional emphasis from Jujutsu schools on attacking moves: punches, kicks and so on. Instead an aikido-ka (one who practices aikido) attempts to redirect the force of an aggressor’s attack into a pin or throw.
Well, that really depends on which "Jujutsu school" you're talking about… by and large, while atemi waza was present in most schools, it wasn't highly emphasised in many at all. For example, Asayama Ichiden Ryu Taijutsu features almost no striking in it's waza (there is some, but not a lot), instead focusing primarily on kansetsu waza (gyaku waza… joint locks)… little side note, there are a range of similarities between Asayama Ichiden Ryu and Daito Ryu, leading some to believe that Asayama Ichiden Ryu was a potential reference when Takeda was creating Daito Ryu itself…
It could also be noted that Daito Ryu itself lessens the emphasis on striking (atemi waza) as the student progresses… with the study moving through three methods of application; Jujutsu, Aikijujutsu, and finally Aiki no jutsu…with striking being less present as you move on.
Samurai-do Blog said:
The admission that there are bad aikido practitioners out there, however, does not necessarily reflect on the art itself. These are, after all, underlying techniques passed down to us from the Samurai, who would not have preserved them if they were not useful.
Again, this is taken entirely on faith… there is no evidence of Daito Ryu being passed down from the samurai… which of course means that they haven't been "preserved" in any such context or for any such reason.
Samurai-do Blog said:
To say that aikido doesn’t work in MMA, however, is akin to stating that submarines are awful at flying. Putting aikido into the context of a one-on-one cage fight is taking it completely out of the context for which many of the techniques were originally created: the streets and battlefields of feudal Japan.
I'm in agreement with your first sentence there… however, then you lose me a bit. Aikido was not, in any way, created for "the streets and battlefields of feudal Japan"… being created, as it was, some centuries after such time and context at all. You're right in that it's not created for the context of an MMA fight, but not correct in what it was created for… or, more accurately, what the techniques are created for.
Samurai-do Blog said:
The masters of Daito-ryu aikijujutsu, from which aikido is descended, were not training to deal with an attack from a half-naked man trying to bash their noses in, they were training to deal with fully committed attacks, possibly involving weapons of one sort or another.
Again, I get where you're coming from, but you're trying to use the wrong imagery to make your point… mainly as it doesn't help your argument at all.
Let's put it this way… MMA athletes and competitors train to handle a skilled, committed, focused, conditioned, and prepared opponent within the context of an MMA fight… which in itself lends itself to particular technical and tactical approaches. Assuming that a martial art's techniques are aimed at handling the violence of their own context (not always the case, to be honest), then we can say that Daito Ryu practitioners are training to handle a skilled, committed, focused, conditioned, and prepared opponent within the context of classical Japanese higher-society violence (samurai)… which in itself lends itself to particular technical and tactical approaches.
What that means is that you really have to identify the differing cultural contexts which alters the nature of the violence in the first place, which your imagery doesn't do (after all, "half-naked man trying to bash their noses in" could just as easily apply to the sumo influence on classical Japanese Jujutsu systems…). But before that, you need to identify if that even is the context and aim of the techniques in the classical system in the first place… which you might find is not the case.
Samurai-do Blog said:
Take the example of the grabbing of the arm or hand as an attack within aikido. Critics argue that this is unrealistic and, yes, maybe it is in the modern world. In Feudal Japan however, this attack makes a lot of sense. Samurai were often well versed in battojutsu, the art of drawing and killing with the sword in one movement. To avoid getting caught by this move, an attacker would have to restrain the Samurai’s sword arm before delivering his own attack, be it a punch to the face or a knife to the gut. Not so unrealistic in this context.
I've heard that explanation a number of times, and, to be honest, it doesn't really ring true with me. I can see the inherent logic at work, but the physical realities and mechanics of the action just don't have that effect. Instead, the reasoning is more to do with understanding principles than an actual, realistic (real world) attack. That doesn't mean, however, that a samurai would deal with a boxer's style attack as in a modern MMA bout…
Samurai-do Blog said:
The fallacy that I am attempting to highlight becomes obvious if one reverses the roles and attempts to situate an MMA fighter in the middle of the battle of Sekigahara, for instance. What good would his kicks and punches be against even an unarmed but fully armoured warrior?
And what would be the odds of him facing such a warrior? Much of the casualties were from firearms… by the same token, put a Daito Ryu practitioner up against machine-guns… or, if you will, put a Daito Ryu practitioner up against your armoured samurai… you may find that much of the syllabus isn't geared towards katchu bujutsu…
Samurai-do Blog said:
The rebuttal I’ve heard time and again consists of saying that people today don’t wear armour, and subsequently situating both mixed martial arts and aikido in self-defense situations.
Well, modern soldiers do wear the equivalent weight in their gear… tactical response police wear similar types of gear as well… so yeah, people today (in certain contexts) do wear armour… but not having armour doesn't, to my mind, situate either MMA nor Aikido in "street self defence" situations.
Samurai-do Blog said:
At this point I accept that aikido is not a modern self defence system but guess what, neither is MMA. A street fight has no rules, no referee is going to pause the match for fish hooking or downward pointing elbows. Much as MMA might like to think itself superior, it is not! Sure it provides you with a load of skills that would be useful in a self-defense situation, so does aikido, but neither is teaching you self-defense.
Leaving off for the moment that "no rules" is a fallacy by itself, it might be important to note that while MMA doesn't allow for fish-hooking, or downward elbows to the base of the neck, neither of those are present in Aikido either… but, more importantly, self defence is not really found in the techniques… or, to put it another way, physical fighting techniques, while important, is not really the core of "self defence"… so you're right, neither are really teaching it in and of themselves…
Samurai-do Blog said:
While its techniques are effective under the circumstances for which they were created, aikido is more than a martial art, it is a living embodiment of the non-violent philosophy of Ueshiba. To him, removing the lethal elements from the older jujutsu styles was not making them redundant, it was allowing them to continue to be relevant in modern life as an art of self-perfection rather than self-protection.
This I agree with… of course, understanding the why of the techniques is a journey in and of itself…
Hi Mike,
Thanks for giving the article a look over, I appreciate it! yes I am aware that Sokaku Takeda is generally accepted to be the founder of Daito ryu, certainly as we know it today, my point was simply that this is the master that Ueshiba studied under and thus that Daito ryu is the basis for many aikido techniques.
Just to clarify here, the term "soke" does not, nor did it ever, mean "founder"…
As regards the difference in nature of technique between the two. If I implied that Linear movements were a part of aikido, then I must apologise, as this is not at all what I intended, Aikido is of course based on circular technique. I would contend with you on Daito ryu, however. The way that atemi and kuzushi are used in Daito ryu is different to what you would see in Aikido. There is an emphasis in Aikido on keeping Uke moving (hence the circular movements) whereas Daito ryu techniques involve destroying posture using linear atemi and more conservative movements. Similarly there is a much lesser emphasis in Daito ryu on getting off the line of attack, whereas this tai sabaki is THE fundamental technique in Aikido.
This is largely dependent on the level of Daito Ryu you're training in… at the Jujutsu level, there's some truth to it… in later levels, not so much.
Plenty of akido in mma. Because it's methods are reflected in wrestling.
So wrist grabs work in mma and even in self defence.
You just have to be better at setting them up.
Do you really think that "wrist grabs" makes something Aikido? Here's a hint… you're looking at entirely the wrong thing. Again.
This type of silliness is the root of why Aikido is criticized so heavily. We don't live in the streets of feudal Japan, we live in the modern world. In the modern world the chances of someone getting attacked by a half naked man trying to bash their face in is monumentally higher than someone getting attacked by a sword wielding attacker in full samurai armor. Additionally, a person trying to bash your face in is a fully committed attacker, and you need to respond accordingly or you could be seriously injured, crippled or even killed.
And this type of thinking everything should match your own personal impressions and values of what martial arts are designed for is why you have such issues understanding anything outside your own small corner of the subject. I've asked this before, and you've never answered, but I'm going to ask one more time… in the hopes that you might actually be open to learning something and broadening your understanding of other martial arts approaches…
What do you think the techniques of Aikido are designed for? Do you really think they're designed for modern Western street violence? Or for an MMA competition?
Judo and Bjj also have roots from feudal Japanese arts. Why are those arts perfectly fine in a MMA environment yet Aikido is not? Why can a black belt in Judo and Bjj perform their techniques in a variety of situations yet there's a large swath of Aikido black belts who are "just getting the hang of the system"? Instead of concocting excuses, why not go to the root of the problem and figure out why there's so many "bad" Aikidoka out there who are instructor grade yet still can't pull off basic techniques in a live environment.
Or, instead, can you answer my question?
The exponents of Gjj would disagree with you. The philosophy behind their entire system is self defense and that has been crystalized with the explosion of sport Bjj.
And, honestly, I'd disagree with them. I know the rhetoric, but it's not so supported in the methodology…
This would be a factor if you just told however many combatants to just go for it and see what happens. But if you are creating a circumstance where you bite someone so therefore they have to let go allowing you to apply a technique. That is also creating rules.
Er… how is cause and effect "creating a rule"? It's like saying that punching towards someone's head gets them to raise their guard…
Which is where the contrived accusations come in.
You really don't like using actual definitions of words, do you?
I usually use rear bear hugs as an example. Escaping a rear bear hug from a person who knows how to put it on is almost impossible. So to train it and not demoralise people we contrive reasons why they won't hang on or respond with just picking you up and dropping you on their head.
Then I recommend you look into actual defences.
Backward elbows and shin kicks and that sort of stuff.
Which would be part of a technique…
And so we go from the ideal of no rules to all sorts of strange rules to make the technique viable.
You aren't making any sense… again.