It does depend a little on age. If you're in your 30's or younger, the healing will be fast and the knitted area of the bone will likely be as strong as (perhaps stronger than) the rest. Later in life, I'm not sure if the healing of the bone is as complete, but the process is certainly slower, and there will be more rehabilitation time.
I'll compare my time around my knee surgery (I was about 30) and my broken leg (around 40). After my knee surgery, I needed a very short period of therapy to rebuild the support muscles, as I was only off the let for a short period of time (a couple of days) and range of motion was only limited for a couple of weeks. Contrast that with my broken leg (near the ankle, accompanied by a high ankle sprain, so similar results to a broken ankle). I was only off the foot for a couple of weeks (minor break), and there was less restriction of motion (never had to have a cast), but it took me several weeks to rebuild the support. The biggest risk of injury is likely not a re-injury (breaking the bone), rather a risk of damaging the support tissues before they are strong enough to do their job fully.
So, take it easy, even when the ankle feels fine. Focus on rebuilding the support muscles. Balancing exercises are good for this, as I recall. Just assume you'll be a little worse balancing on that leg, and that it will be easier to roll the ankle for a bit. Once you've rebuilt the support tissues, the leg will likely be near-new unless you are older. My recommendation is to work with a physical therapist, if only to get specific advice as to what exercises will help and what might create a risk of injury.