Hi Chris,
Sometimes, the particular translated word will vary depending on the context (IE: noun, verb, etc). There are others here who have an even better understanding of the Korean language than I do, but I can read and write it, and translate individual words pretty good.
"Learn" as a verb is 배우다 : bae-u-da, or baeuda
배 = bae and is pronounced like "bad" without the "d"
우 = u which is the long "u" sound as in "due" without the "d"
다 = da which uses the "ah" sound of the vowel "a"
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"Learning" as I found is used more as a noun, like "these are your studies, or your learning."
"Learning" is 공부 : kong-bu, or kongbu
공 = kong which is pronounced with a long "o" like in "show" or "grow."
부 = bu and sounds like a ghost saying "boo!"
To make this a verb, you add "hada," 하다 , which means to do something.
공부하다 = "kong-bu-hada," or kongbuhada: "to study," or "to learn"
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"teach" is 가르치다 : ka-reu-chi-da, or kareuchida
가 = ka and sounds like the "ah" in "katana," and "kata"
르 = reu . This is a short sound like the "oo" in "look," "cook," and "book."
치 = chi , and is pronounced "chee" just like the spritual energy "chi."
다 = da which uses the "ah" sound
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slight correction for monkey,
"Thank you" in Korean can be either:
감사합니다 : kam-sa-hap-ni-da (usually pronounced "kamsahamnida" with 5 syllables)
or
고맙습니다 : ko-map-seup-ni-da (go - mop - soup - knee - dah) or "komapseumnida".
I hope this helps, Chris
CM D. J. Eisenhart