First, you have to define what you mean by Shaolin as there are many styles within Shaolin. The difference in styles between the Northern Shaolin family and the Southern Shaolin family is huge. I would say, by reputation at least, Wudang is more famous for its propagation of the internal arts.
You have asked a rather broad question that is asking about Martial Arts, Geography, Buddhism and Taoism. It also gets you deep into Neijia martial arts and Waijia martial arts (aka Internal and External)
My buddy has been training at Wudang mountain for the last two years, but he comes home for about three months around Christmas to see family and renew his visa. Seems like a lot of forms, from what he's shown me. Not really any sparring. Dudes lost a lot of weight though. I could ask him amy specific questions you have as he's still home, but I don't see him that much since I just had a baby.